Republic of India

India, officially the Republic of India (Bharat Ganrajya), is a country in in the south Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country with over 1. 2 trillion people, and the most populous democracy in the field. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the westd China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east and Burma and Bangladesh to the east.In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives in addition, Indias Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Home to the ancient Indus vale Civilisation and a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the Indian subcontinent was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history.Four domain of a function religionsHinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhismoriginated here, whereas Judaism, Zoroa strianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also helped shape the regions assorted culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of the British East India fraternity from the early 18th century and administered directly by the United commonwealth from the mid-19th century, India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for freedom that was marked by non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi.Rabindranath Tagore is Asias first Nobel honorable and composer of Indias national anthem Swami Vivekananda was a key figure in introducing Vedanta and Yoga in Europe and USA, raising interfaith awareness and making Hinduism a world religion. The Indian economy is the worlds tenth-largest by nominal GDP and third-largest by buy power parity (PPP). Following market-based economic reforms in 1991, India became one of the fastest-growing major(ip) economies it is considered a newly industrialised country.However, it continues to f ace the challenges of poverty, corruption, malnutrition, inadequate public healthcare, and terrorism. A nuclear weapons state and a regional power, it has the third-largest standing army in the world and ranks eighth in military expenditure among nations. India is a federal constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system consisting of 28 states and 7 union territories. India is a pluralistic, multilingual, and a multi-ethnic society. It is also place to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats.

Eye Injury Risk from Water Stream Impact Essay

Ocular injuries caused by solid projectiles have been exposit in the literature (Duma, 2005 Kennedy, 2006 Kennedy, 2007). However, the impact of a high-velocity pee rate of flow on the cosmos has not been previously quantified. Such pressurized water spouts jackpot be found in childrens water toys, squirt guns, and interactional water fountains. As the velocity of these water streams increases, product capabilities, and therefore popularity, similarly increase. In addition to those on the market, water gun enthusiasts custom form powerful guns in order to maximize flow rate, often in excess of 55 ft/s. Interactive water fountains (also called wet decks, squeeze pads, spray pads, or spray parks) are found in earth areas and water parks throughout the country.The attractions feature synchronized jets of water, typically order vertically from nozzles in the ground. While playing, it is possible for a child to go steady into the nozzle in anticipation of the next spurt of wa ter which could in theory cause an shopping mall distress. However, the increasing popularity of these fountains has not been matched by separate regulation.The CDC recommends that health departments update pool codes to include interactive water features that do not have standing water (Prevention, 2007) due to a serial of outbreaks of gastroenteritis (Minshew, 2000). The lack of research and injury assessment has delayed the process, as most states have not established codes. Current available lawmaking is listed in Table 1. The primary focus of concern in live legislation is centered on the filtration system and prevention of spread of bacterial infection. This concern has taken attention away from the potential for mechanical injury due to a high-velocity water jet directed toward a childs eyes, ear, or mouth.This study consisted of five parts place I includes previous research and case studies that have been reviewed to begin to get word the need for water eye injury re search and the previous efforts do to investigate this injury mechanism. In pick II, a range of objects and devices were examine to determine water characteristics and the associated injuries. A summary table of the results was produced. In plowshare III, projectile impact tests were performed with three different projectiles and a range of velocities to bill normalized elan vital and intimate pressure within the eye.For Part IV, water jet impacts were performed with three nozzle diameters and a range of water velocities to measure internal eye pressure to assess injury. In Part V, data from Part III were used to determine a correlation between normalized energy and internal eye pressure to then calculate normalized energy for the calculated internal eye pressure during the water jet impacts (Part IV). Previously veritable injury insecurity curves for corneal abrasion, hyphema, lens dislocation, retinal damage and globe rupture were applied to the calculated normalized ene rgy to determine injury risk for the water jet impacts.Nozzle type, size, and maximum velocity are a critical part of an interactive water fountains performance, just now until relationships between these factors and injury have been established, it is hard to place numerical guidelines on their design. This report aims to quantify the incidence and mechanics of water-induced eye injuries and benchmark the peregrine mechanics of current water systems and toys. Documented cases of high-velocity water-induced eye injuries bear the potential danger of these water blasts (Table 2). Many of the reported incidents occurred in the employment and involve pressure washers, agricultural irrigation sprinklers, or fire hoses.While studies of water-induced eye injuries on humans have not been conducted, animal studies have relate high-velocity water jets to eye damage. Fish (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) exposed to submerged water jets at velocities ranging from 40 to 65 ft/s were examined for injury. Nearly half(prenominal) of all fish suffered eye injuries (bulged, hemorrhaged, or missing) at velocities of 55 ft/s and above (Deng, 2005). In a similar study, fish were released at velocities from 0 to 70 ft/s and the authors found velocity to be positively correlated to severity of injury (Nietzel, 2000). Minor severity was mention when there was a visible injury that had no threat to supportspan and major severity was noted when the injury was a threat to life and persisted throughout time.

“Carpet Weavers Morrocco” by Carol Rumens Essay

Rumens, through the title of her metrical composition is personation a scene in Morocco, consisting of cover weavers. This establishes a theme of pee-pee which runs throughout the poem. The title however, does non launch or even course a faint idea of the major theme contained in the poem, i.e. of aff adapted injustice and child labour.The poem begins with The children, t here(predicate)from pickings us by surprise. Nowhere in the title was anything about children expected, the natural imagery throwd had been of workers twist carpetings who had naturally been assumed as adults. Nevertheless, the poem starts with these gifts of God, startling us into the naturalism that the poem is about these intimate pure creations. The initiative line of this stanza implies that these children ar hard at work on the loom used to create the carpets. On the other hand it precedes the intelligences another world, which could miscellany the meaning aroused by loom into that which is o n the verge of, therefore implying that the children were right around the corner of another world. The another world here is denoting the difference in the life of these children to other normal children, signifying their harsh lifestyles. The word of honor loom can also be visibly rhymed with the word gloom, thus pointing towards the glum atmosphere of these children.Their hair is shaped into braids show that they drop been twisted and trapped into this situation from where it is quite difficult to unravel themselves. These braids atomic number 18 barren and oiled. This shows that they have been seeped and covered with burdens, because of which their lives have become black, i.e. darkened and glum. Still their dresses are bright, which points towards their childish fictitious character, implying that they may not be treated as children, but the brightness and cheerfulness of their character is even-tempered present behind all these obstructions. Assorted heights call down t hat the children are of various ages. By saying that they make a melodic chime it is signifying that when normally children of many changes accumulate together they play and their gag creates a beautiful music. The use of the word would however, reminds us that this is not the fictional character here, as these kids are not given the customary freedom provided to around kids.The second stanza replicates the feeling of pity that had been aroused during the first stanza.The children catch up with their quiver knots like television, is a simile indicating that unlike most children who watch television with apt attention, these children watch the sparkling colours of these strings spillage in and out of the carpet board instead. In addition the provided colour and sole entertainment in their life are watch these knots coming in and out and forming magnificent designs. The garden of Islam signifies paradise and hence peace. It is also implying that the carpets universe made are the Islamic prayer mats that are usually decorated with heavenly beautiful images of paradises gardens. By saying that this garden is growing the poetess is try to ascertain that as the carpets design nears completion, the children will be raised to reach the higher(prenominal) portions of the carpet.On the other hand it could mean that as Islam grows, the burden on the children increases In addition it could be taken in the sarcastic mood to mean that as Islam grows instead of the justice system the bench, taking the side of the children it raises their benches so that they can finish more work, thus their sound out never becomes better. The children after world raised lace the dark-rose veins of the tree transcend, shows that the children still put all their efforts, colours and enjoyment of life into the carpet. The ad hoc colour of veins as dark-rose, state their delicate nature of the children which show in their carpet designs. Lacing these designs of the tree tops show that the children are trying to reach the tops and the canopy of the world, but instead they are force to replicate and design these high elevations instead of physically being able to reach them.The carpet then travels, and receives all the pleasure and comforts oftravelling. The carpet is also given the luxurious treatment in the merchants truck as the merchant needs to take care of its products. Then it is spread by the servants, denoting the royal treatment of comfort imparted on these carpets. The words deep and kookie signify the sensation that arises from these carpets, and point out their comforts. This all shows that only the carpet is receiving the comforts, and only the carpet is seen and felt not the children or their hard work. The incident that it gives when heaped with prayer indicates that the carpet is the support and receiver of all the prayers. This shows that the carpet is the grassroots receiver of the prayers and not the children, hence emphasizing that no thing is being do about the state of these children.The last stanza of the poem finalizes the melancholic and serious cause of these children, who are working hard in the school of days. This signifies that these children who should be going to school, which are the golden and fun days of our life, are in fact coerce to work hard when they should be playing and perusing and having fun. The poet states that from their fingers the colours of all-that-will-be, this vocabulary is actually emphasizing on the fact of kids being the future of the country, and the people who give colour and beauty to this harsh lifestyle. until now the use of the develop all-that-will-be comes to make us realize that this future is still yet to come, but the use of the caesura in between all the quartette words affirms the poets declaration that this is not possible and something is stopping this reality from occurring.These colours of the children fly from their fingers and try to reach the sky how ever, they freeze and dash into the frame of the carpet. This shows how their creativity is only limited to the carpet and the carpet alone. The phrase all-that-was is actually a means of connectivity with the previous phrase all-that-will-be. These two phrase work together to portray two meanings. Firstly that the carpet is arranging pictures of the past and things that have already happened. The other is that of marking a major contrast between the job of a child and what these children are forced to do. As the child is the future but here they are being required to remain in the past and replicate it instead of component part to create a new future.Carol Rumens, Carpet-weavers, Morocco, consists of three stanzas each of the same length of three verses. Written in the second form, the poem barely uses any rhyming techniques except for once in the first stanza, bright and chime. This rhyme impresses upon children merriment and how it takes the form of brightness and happiness i n the world. The poem is basically evoking the dismal and serious atmosphere contact these children. The themes running throughout the poem is of childhood, work, social injustice, poverty and child labour. This has been achieved splendidly through the use of clever diction.

Whaling: A Narrow Vision of the Future

Whaling is a controversial issue today. Thousands of ecologic organisations vote for an foreign ostracize on whaling to glide by giant populations a chance for a retract. The current paper discusses the pros and cons of an multinational cast aside on whaling. The paper seeks to cut that at that place should be no multinational prohibition on whaling, as want as whaling wins economies and aesculapian look for. The paper tries to deny an assumption that a moratorium on whaling cease give giants a chance to rebound sufficiently and, instead, promotes an idea that legitimation of whaling result facilitate monitoring and managing whaling operations all in all over the world.TABLE OF CONTENTS inlet 4 Whaling A sketch Insight 4 An International Ban On Whaling The Benefits of Legalisation 6 Whaling A Never Ending Debate? 8 Conclusion 10 Recommendations 10 References 11 WHALING A NARROW VISION OF THE FUTURE Introduction Whaling is a controversial issue today. Thousands of scientists and bionomic organisations argue for an international inhibition on whaling and view much(prenominal) a ban as the l one and only(a)some(prenominal) way to restore whale populations in global marine ecosystems.Thousands of otherwises argon confident that an international ban on whaling will not benefit puppets the decreasing soma of whales is the reflection of the subjective processes which no ban can stop. The history of whaling dates back thousands long metre ago. People hunted whales as long as they had boats and could sail. Today, whaling has be deduct a convenient object of speculations and no one has been able to justify the need for an international ban so far.Objectively, in that respect should be no international ban on whaling beca intake whaling benefits economies and medical examination search, and profoundisation of whaling will facilitate monitoring and managing the yield of whales hunted and killed for mercenary purposes. Whaling A Brief I nsight Whaling is a controversial issue today. Thousands of ecological and physical rights organisations argue that an international ban on whaling is requisite to give whales a chance to restore their populations.The estimated number of Blue Whales today is slight than 3500 in 1931 alone, nearly 30,000 Blue Whales were killed for commercial purposes. The current population of Blue Whales represents less than 1% of the total number of whales killed between 1910 and 1969. However, it was not onwards 1966 that an semiofficial moratorium on commercial whaling was provided, to afford a good beginning on the long journey to recovery. Whaling dates back to the times when forgivings started to build boats thousands of years ago, whaling was one of the most widely used forms of catch.For thousands of years, whales had served excellent sources of food, wax, and oil colour. Hunters valued them even to a gr releaseer extent for their size and the quantity of various resources they c ould provide at once. completely by the middle of the 1870s did whale oil products give place to oil products establish on petroleum and since then, whales have been mostly used for meat. Today, lacquer and Norway atomic number 18 considered as the biggest threat to whales these countries, plus Iceland, seek to lift the ban on whaling by all possible means.More importantly, these countries continue hunting whales despite the moratorium on whaling brought in in 1986. Norway is hunting whales in the trades union Atlantic American Eskimos and Russian northern aboriginals are allowed to hunt whales in small quantities to meet their needs for food. lacquer actively engages in whaling, to wage the needs and goals of medical investigate. Notwithstanding the potential benefits of the ban on whaling, this ban is alikely to cause serious economical punishingies.Today, no international ban on whaling should exist, because whaling is associated with significant economic benefits, bec ause whales serve the needs of medical research and, finally, because juristic whaling will facilitate monitoring the number of whales hunted and killed for commercial purposes. An International Ban on Whaling The Benefits of Legalisation That whaling is the source of both reckon and indirect economic benefits is tough to deny, and there should be no international ban on whaling, to let different countries meet their economic needs.The knowledgeable markets for whale products are too small to support the countries like Norway and Iceland. The latter(prenominal) continue hunting whales, according to the quotas that had been set by the International Whaling Commission. Japan and Norway fail to meet their sales targets and lose significant financial resources due to the small quotas and the leave out of hunting opportunities. In 2008 alone, Japan lost more than $20 million whaling dollars, which could have been directed to support various economic social programmes in the similar fashion, Norway is experiencing difficulties with its whale product markets.Given the difficult economic situation, whaling could become an excellent opportunity for countries like Norway and Japan to hand over additional jobs and to use whale products as an extremely valuable exportation item. Before the moratorium on whaling in 1986, the share of whale products in Norse exports accounted for 2 portion of all marine products and, simultaneously, for more than 70 percent of the total merchandise products on average. There should be no international ban on whaling, because it limits economic opportunities of sea countries and does not give them a chance to improve their economic situation.Whaling is the source of numerous indirect advantages. corroboratory benefits of whaling arise from the link between commercial whaling, the size of natural whale populations, and the size of fish stocks. Because whales are the largest consumers of fish stock in the conjugation Atlantic, they threaten the perceptual constancy of numerous other fish stocks, including krill and tantalize. Although the relationships between whales and other fish populations are increasingly Gordian, scientists assume that whale stocks around Iceland could return to the 10 percent sink in other fish stocks, including cod stocks.Given that the yearly sustainable yield of the cod stock is no less than 350 thousand tons, a ban on whaling could cost Iceland 35 thousand tons of cod stock every year a number too significant for a small country like Iceland. There should be no international ban on whaling, based on the premise that whales were and remain an important object of medical research. Whales are equally important for human and animal research, and it would be fair to range that an international ban on whaling will significantly reduce the lively medical research opportunities.As a final result, an international ban on whaling will wane the hopes of those who seek a cure for the m ost difficult diseases. Since the middle of the 20th century, whales had been hunted and used for their hypophyses. The number of whale hypophyses dropped with time and their popularity declined, but they made a profound contribution to the development of medical research and pharmacology. Whales pancreases were extensively used in the production of insulin. Whales used to be an effective source of growth hormones for people the hormones were extracted from whales thymus glands.Today, the world must(prenominal) think twice before an international ban on whaling becomes a reality. The world must avoid banning whaling activity in the future, to give medical researchers sufficient opportunities to pursue their research goals. Although the topic of animal research is increasingly controversial, it is not within the scope of this paper to discuss the pros and cons of such research. Simultaneously, it is clear that despite all limitations, researchers will continue to apply to the benefi ts of animal research, to enhance the efficiency of their research operations.In the current state of medical knowledge, whales present a valuable opportunity to help people with complex diagnoses. In general terms, any ban on whaling is likely to result in significant negative channelizes and serious losses, both economic and scientific. Nevertheless, ecological and animal rights organisations continue asserting that such a ban is necessary to restore the number of whales in natural marine ecosystems. Whaling and Nature A Never Ending Debate? That whale populations decline and need a chance to restore their number is the central argument ecological organisations use to support the need on an international ban on whaling. unneeded to say, whale populations do decline but whether whaling is the direct cause of ecological problems is difficult to define. The current state of research provides compelling evidence that the decline in the number of living whales is natural, and no ban c an change it. The argument in favor of an international ban on whaling exemplifies a recurrent conflict between perception and rhetoric, and while more and more scientists vote for an international ban on whaling, even more scientists and organisations come to recognise the irrelevance of such a ban.The fact is in that scientists lack scientific evidence to prove that whale populations, including Atlantic humpbacks, can rebound sufficiently due to an international ban on whaling. Another interview is in whether an international ban on whaling and, as a result, the exploitation number of whales is likely to misbalance the global marine ecosystem. Throughout the last centuries, the number of whales had been constantly declining. Whether more whales work for the go bad or the worse of the ecological system is still the issue of the major concern.The historical data regarding the number of whales that lived in the international ecosystems and were hunted finishedout the last two-thr ee centuries implies that whales living in super-abundance do not benefit ecological systems but, on the contrary, can eat out the oceans as fast as they can go. scientific assumptions about potential extermination of whales are based on add up scientists believe that the rapidly declining number of whales during the last two centuries indicates the threat which whaling poses to the stability of whale and other fish populations in various marine ecosystems.However, before an international ban on whaling becomes a reality, scientists must decide what natural effects it will produce and whether it is worth banning whaling for the sake of unimportant changes in whale populations. Moreover, it would be fair to assume that even in case of such a ban, countries will continue their whaling activities and not a ban but legalisation of whaling will give ecological organisations better opportunities to manage and monitor various whaling activities.Murray (2010) is correct, saying that the resumption of limited legal whaling will help organisations reign control of the practice and will, ultimately, save the lives of almost 18,000 whales every year. If ecologists seek effective means to restore whale populations, there is no way for them better than making whaling legal, acceptable, and widely spread. Conclusion Whaling is a controversial issue today. Thousands of ecological organisations vote for an international ban on whaling, to give whales a chance to restore their populations.There should be no international ban on whaling. Whaling is the source of significant economic benefits. Whaling benefits economies through more jobs and higher export profits. Indirect benefits of whaling imply an opportunity to continue numerous fish stocks, including krill and cod, which whales consume in thousands. Whales benefit medical research and give a hope to cure the most complex human diseases. That the number of whales gradually declines is not necessarily the result of whalin g but a natural process which no ban can stop.Legalisation of whaling will facilitate monitoring and managing whaling operations, and if ecologists seek effective means to control whale population there is no way for them better than to make whaling legal and acceptable. Recommendations Whaling should be legalised. Governments and ecological organisations must develop a system of quotas and limits to the annual number of whales available for hunting. A system of monitoring must be developed to control the number of whales killed for commercial purposes and the changes in whale populations in various ecosystems.

Unit 4 Essay

whole 4 appellative instructions This week, our physical composition assignment focuses on individual comments of happiness. For this writing assignment, you will prep be and conduct converses with two people about their interpretation of happiness, how they gained this view, and whether they feel happiness is achievable. Choose two people who vary in age and experience. Only one of the subjects can be someone you endure well. This is an opport building blocky to learn about acquaintances and strangers as well. These should be face-to-face interviews.Introduce this assignment by introducing each subject one at a time. Who are they? What is the nature of your relationship? Next, ask a variety of questions to get them to choose not just their definition of happiness, but its origins and development. You can use these test questions to get you started, but should add more questions or change the interview as it develops Has your definition of happiness changed over time? What ex periences have influenced your definition? Do you expect the definition to change again?Follow the Unit 4 template for this assignment in DocSharing. It includes submitting a transcript of your interviews, including your questions, so take notes or record the discussion. Finally, you should draw conclusions about the process and the answers that were given. oppose and contrast the results of the interviews. Discuss what was similar or different in the replies, whether the subjects were honest, or if the concept of happiness was difficult to define. The essay should be at least(prenominal) 750 words and should employ terms from the text.The assignment should be completed in Microsoft Word and should follow the template provided for the sample transcript, essay, and reference page. CLA assessment This unit 4 assignment corresponds to the CLA rubric for HU300-02 please review the CLA rubrics document functional infra Course Home. APA formatting Incorporate APA citations throughout the analysis as well as a references sectionalisation at the end of the analysis. (The references section does NOT count towards the required word count for the Unit 4 assignment. ) Review the APA quick reference guide on the left-hand sidebar under course home for APA formatting guidelines.

The Alhambra

After a long time of going dorsum in time to experience first hand the stories behind the worlds sterling(prenominal) paintings, I decided to take a break in canvass visual graphics and widen my perspectives a bit. I stayed up any night on which adventure to take next, and the on the whole-night contemplation led me to a decision to take another adventureto take on architectural artworks. First stop, the world-famous Alhambra in Granada, Spain. I went back 12 centuries in time, all the way to the ninth centurythe reign of the Islamic invasion of Spain.The Zirites, who are the first kings of Granada, had the Alhambra constructed for military reasons. They built their castles on the hill across the Alhambra, fashioning the structure a fortress for forthcoming attacks from anticipated conquerors. Tension was in the air at all times during this point, exactly it didnt stop me from appreciating the salmon pink of the structure that is Alhambra. Though still not fully certain, it s obvious Arabesque looka type of Islamic art with repetitive complex, geometric patterns of interlace plant, animal, and abstract formsmakes it a sight to behold.I have already read in art and history books that the Alhambra as a fortress would go on until the 13th century, so I decided to skip the boring spark and take myself to 1238. It was at this point when the Alhambra was used as a mansion house of the kings. During this time, it was the Nasrites who ruled the Islamic kingdom in Spain. The Alhambra was later on substantial to include a alcazaba (fortress), an alcazar (palace) and a small medina (city), still with Islamic art ruling the entirety of the structures.The old fortress was later on restored the artworks developed to reach the full potential of its beauty. This, in turn, signified the Golden sequence of Islam in Spain. Perhaps it was the overwhelming awe over the legendary computer architecture of the Alhambra and the chills it gave me just by looking at some p arts of its morphological design which transported me to yet another century. Next thing I know, it was 1492, and Granada was no longer occupied by the Islams.Catholicism was brought back to Spain, and the Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand and Isabel conquered the city, making the Alhambra a Christian court. Military garrisons and churches were built inside the compound, incorporating Catholicism into the Islamic architecture. For centuries the Alhambra saturnine into a Catholic city built on Islamic roots, solely as years passed, the legendary architectural wonder was left neglected. I was then transported to the 19th century, and it shocked me to find the Alhambra unoccupied, except by thieves, beggars, and homeless people.It struck me so hard that in no time I got back to present time. Now, as I am writing this, the Alhambra is already a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and a strong contender for the tender Seven Wonders of the World. The Alhambra being recognized as one of the most ma in(prenominal) structures and architectural artworks in the entire world makes me so proud that I was part of history when it all happened though I was nothing but a spectator, I got to experience the rich culture in which the Alhambra was rooted, and the one-sided history it had withstood.References Crayon, G. (1832). The Alhambra. London Samuel Bentley. Lipscomb, K. (2005). hunting watch Travel Guides Spain. New Jersey Hunter Publishing, Inc. Irwin, Robert. (2004). The Alhambra. London Butler & Tanner Ltd. Feminism. (n. d. ). In Encyclop? dia Britannica online. Retrieved from http//www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/724633/feminism Granada, The Alhambra. (n. d. ). In Andalucia Website. Retrieved from http//www. andalucia. com/cities/granada/alhamhistory. htm Arabesque Art Movement. (n. d. ). In Art Education. Retrieved from

Models of Corporate Governance

The basis of the dumbfound of somatic governance potty be identified in their approach to the three dimensions of closing making which ar considered as the essence of unified governance. The decisiveness making is concern round the three basic questions (a) by whom the terminations ar to be made, (b) for whom the decisions atomic number 18 attempted to be made and (c) what are the resources that back up the decision making approaches. The ultimate aim of analyzing the decision making process through with(predicate) these questions is to at a lower placepin the agency to whom the accountability is due to be directed1This part of the ruminate deals aims to contrast the Moslem corporate governance with the western approach which is exhibited by at least two models which this paper considers. arrangement Framework in westerly PerspectiveThe European system of corporate governance encompasses a socially responsive potty where the shareholders and others are encouraged to exert work turn out over policies that are being adopted to the extent that they are non in conformity with a socially responsive attitude. Similarly the gore members and managers are non discouraged either to follow their view points so that the decisions make the firm a socially responsive one2. However such(prenominal) a direct influence over the functioning of the firm is non provided for in all the market systems. For instance in Germany and other countries interchangeable Austria and Switzerland the governance is administered by a two tier board consisting of a supervisory board and an executive board.The executive board represents the carrousel management and the members of the supervisory board is composed of outside professionals and in round illustrations employee representatives just to oversee and discipline the executive board. Even in the plate of managed association model widely prevalent in the united States directors and managers put up it worth to ta ke the advise of the inventional shareholders in the conduct of the pipeline of the firm. When this relationship is further expanded it gets to the formation of a stakeholder model of corporate governance which protects the stake of all stakeholders.3Managed Corporation ModelThe model of managed corporation final results the question of by whom. This model is underlined by large public companies with a dispersed shareholding4. downstairs this model managers occupy the central role with the agency to strategy formulation and setting the policies of the company. While the Board takes the responsible of hiring the managers the managers lead the directors and shareholders.The Board is also given the responsibility to monitor the performance of the mangers institute and remove them in case of unsatisfactory performance. The shareholders role is limited to tack the Board in case of poor performance of the company. Thus the mount of corporate governance under this model is limite d to the extent of appointing the reform managers and keep backling their performance.Socially Responsive Corporation ModelThis model takes the gear up to answer the question for whom. This model presupposes the spare-time activity of the shareholders as the foremost teaching of corporate governance as laid down by the OECD Principles of corporeal giving medication 5 Thus the concept of shareholder value has been made the yardstick against which the performance of the management need to be measured.This is the practice in the United States, the UK and several other Anglo-Saxon countries and has also been recognised as a matter of prominence in Europe and Japan too. Under this model the institutions view the firms eligible for potential investment in their securities to have a wee market directive to enhance the returns on the existing capital. 6 account statement and bodily governmentThe process of make outing, measuring and communicating information for facilitating the substance abuser to make meaningful decision is provided by bill. gibe to Baydoun and Willet (2000) 7 accounting disclosures in managed corporation model is often limited to the extent the individuals that control the resources needs the disclosure. However the fact remains that the corporate governance issues tolerate be addressed and explained by detailed financial statements since these issues are commonly concentrated on the agencies having a wider financial stake in the entity. This explains the cost with what resources and to whom the accountability is directed. Moslem Perspective of incarnate GovernanceThe important principles of easily corporate governance and the codes of beaver practice developed during the last decade, inculpate that directing the companies and controlling them to function according to defined moral standards which are acceptable to the community in general8. The principles do not just clear achieving the economic efficiency or earning maximum profitability as the best practice.According to Mervyn K Lewis (2005)9 on that point are two aspects which particularly wreak the nature of Muslim corporate governance. The first one is concerned with the sharia law uprightness which claims sovereignty over all the aspects of life of any human being. It is so extensive it covers honorable and social issues and also it talks about accomplished and criminal jurisdiction.sharia law lays down the principle that every believer of Islam moldiness conform to the basic principles of Moslem Law. Each one of them is expected to save the ethical standards derived from economic principles irrespective of the status or social position. These ethical principles define what is true fair and just, the nature of corporate responsibilities, the priorities to society, along with many specific governance standards (Mervyn K. Lewis, 2005).Secondly, Shariah has also provided almost specific Moslem economic and financial principles along with t he business ethical standards, which have a larger influence upon the corporate practices and principles. Included here are the institution of zakh (the alms tax), the ban on rib (usury) and the prohibition on speculation, art for the development of an economic system based on profit and wrong sharing (Mervyn K. Lewis, 2005).Dimensions of Decision Making and Islamic Perspective of Corporate GovernanceThe three dimensions of decision making with respect to corporate governance under Islamic persuasion is answered in the following wayBy WhomAccording to Mervyn K. Lewis (2005) the question of by whom the decisions are to be made the Holy volume is providing a correct response by promoting mutual consultations and once decision is taken then there has to be a firm teaching that it will do good to everyone concerned. He further adds that when the basic principles of Shurd are followed it requires the leaders to encourage others to take part in the process of decision making.Thus con sultation is made the key word by Shariah and this implies thatAn employee would be expected to contribute his or her knowledge to the formulation and murder of the organizational vision, and consultative procedures should be applied to all those affected, i.e. shareholders, suppliers, customers, workers and the community 10For WhomUnder Islamic perspective of decision making process there is the clear answer to the question as to for whom the decisions are attempted to be made. The answer is that the ultimate end of any business and economic activity that come to the human beings are to be considered as being done to the good will of Allah and the ways and means employed to accomplish the activities should never deviate from the law of Islam as quoted by Shariah in any way (Mervyn K. Lewis, 2005).With Whom and to WhomMervyn K. Lewis (2005) points out that the third requirement for ensuring corporate governance principles in an Islamic perspective involves the process by which an effective religious inadvertence is undertaken.The objective of this supervision is to ensure that the operations, contracts, and procedures of the enterprise are in conformity with the Islamic code. Algaoud and Lewis (1999)11 let on that the process covering the religious supervision is explicitly illustrated in the case of Islamic financial Institutions.In addition the religious tenders provide a comprehensive subject area on the adherence of the Islamic principles across the near spectrum of the business activities. The religious audit helps to improve the functioning of any corporation towards achieving the Islamic principles by undertaking the following distinct functions(1) the religious auditor advises the Board and the top management about the acceptability of the transactions and the contracts proposed to be entered by the firm and also on the development of new products(2) the blurb function of the religious auditor is to make a comprehensive report to the sharehold ers as to the compliance by the management the Islamic principles in the caterpillar track of the organization and(3) the audit of the creation of Zakah fund to ensure that the fund is created after(prenominal) a proper assessment of the amount to be contributed and the administration and diffusion of the funds are carried out as per the Islamic principles (Mervyn K. Lewis, 2005)Points of DistinctionHanifa and Hudaib (2003) 12 identify the following difficulties that the Islamic perspective of corporate governance face bit adopting the best corporate governance practices.(1) Under the Western approach to the corporate governance the business morality is primarily based on unsanctified humanist values governing the ethical foundations of the business while the Islamic perspective of corporate governance follows the principles laid down by shariah as the guiding force(2) The basic beliefs and values in the Western corporate culture predominantly considers the self interest and ev en with some modifications there may not be the case that the larger interest of the society will be considered. This is totally against the Islamic principles(3) Thirdly the Western model of corporate governance is based on agency possibility and there is no place for stewardship theory.13The basic difference lies in the actors who are agents with a self interested opportunistic approach who can not be motivated to be stewards to act in the best interest of the principals. In the case of Islamic perspective of corporate governance there is no place for self interest of the agents,1 Mervyn K. Lewis (2005) Islamic Corporate Governance International Association for Islamic EconomicReview of Islamic economic science Vol. 9 No 1 pp 5 29 2 Mervyn K. Lewis (2005) Islamic Corporate Governance International Association for Islamic EconomicReview of Islamic Economics Vol. 9 No 1 pp 5 29 3 Lannoo, K. (1995). Corporate Governance in Europe. CEPS Working Party Report No 12. capital of Belgiu m Centre for European Policy Studies. 4Pound, J. (1995). The Promise of the Governed Corporation, Harvard Business Review, March-April, reprinted in Corporate Governance (2000), Harvard Harvard Business School Press. 5 OECD (1999). OECD Principles of Corporate Governance. Paris OECD. 6 Lewis, M.K. (2003b). globalization and Corporate Governance in M. Shanahan and G. Treuren (eds.), Globalisation Australian Regional Perspectives. AdelaideWakefield Press. 7 Baydoun, N. and Willett, R. (2000). Islamic Corporate Reports, ABACUS, 36(1), pp. 71-89. 8 Gooden, S. (2001). Participation of Stakeholders in the Corporate Governance of Islamic Financial Institutions, New Horizon, 114, November, pp.12-15. 9Mervyn K. Lewis (2005) Islamic Corporate Governance International Association for Islamic EconomicReview of Islamic Economics Vol. 9 No 1 pp 5 29 10 Baydoun, N. Mamman, A. and Mohmaud, A. (1999). The Religious Context of heed Practices The Case of the Islamic Religion, Accounting, calling &F inance The Islamic Perspective Journal, 3(1 & 2), pp. 52-79. 11 Algaoud, L. M. and Lewis, M. K. (1999). Corporate Governance in Islamic Banking The Case of Bahrain, International Journal of Business Studies, 7(1),pp.56-86. 12 Haniffa, R. and Hudaib, M. A. (2002). A Theoretical Framework for the Development of the Islamic Perspective of Accounting, Accounting, Commerce & Finance The Islamic Perspective Journal, 6 (1&2), pp. 1-74. 13 Davis, J. H. Schoorman, F. D. and Donaldson, L. (1997). Towards a Stewardship Theory of Management, Academy of Management Review, 22(1), pp. 20-47.

Industrial Organisation Essay

This paper talks about the pros and cons of advertizing and if it is a yen of societys re tooth roots or non. Previously, much emphasis was non world given to advertisement and the marketers hired the strategy of market accruement except in todays world, the concept has changed and the demands of the society switch greatly because of which the advertisers have redesigned their marketing strategies in dictate to crater to their put market well. Media has great influence on the society and the marketers use advertisement as their tool to persuade the consumers to purchase their products.Since denote has a reasoned dissemble on the way the populate understand life and their values, in that respect atomic number 18 m each things that the marketer must consider while promoting their products. announce cigaret be simple as well as Gordian base on the product or service that is creation publicise and it arouse be make on a sm in all told as well as on a large scal e. To advertise, mevery kinds of media can be utilize depending on the nature and the complexity of the product. Similarly, publicise can be done for programs, causes and institutions as well besides which political advertising is excessively done.Since it has an indirect yet a very powerful impact on the society, ethics in advertising should always be ensured. publicizing has both pros and cons that have been discussed below. A lot of resources are consumed when advertising is done and today, it is being done everywhere and it is very effortful for the plurality to chip from its influence. Pros of advertising People who criticize advertising say that it is a louse up of time and money and it corrupts the individuals and the society.However, advertising alike has a significant voltage for good and some of the benefits of advertising are mentioned below. Economic Benefits of advertize advertisement contributes to the human development if it conforms to the moral standards and today, it is the best tool for utilizing the resources to respond to the socio- sparing postulate of the society. publicize informs the bulk about the products that are available for their consumption based on which they can make their purchase decisions. Goddard, Lipczynski & Wilson 2009).Benefits of semipolitical Advertising Political advertising contributes to res publica as well as it helps in economic well being of the society. It can contribute the society by permit the people know about the ideas and proposals of the parties and the new candidates who were unknown to the public previously. pagan Benefits of Advertising Since advertising has a great impact on the media, it has the ability to exert substantiative influence on various decisions related to the media. veridical that is intellectual and is of moral quality should be shown to the public in order to make the society better and to contribute in a positive manner. Moral and Religious Benefits of Advertis ing Companies are not the unaccompanied ones that use advertising to market their products but advertising is also employ by social institutions that also include the religious institutions that communicate messages that are not skilful helpful and constructive but they are also just for the society and they help in motivating the people. Cons of advertisingDespite of the concomitant of many positive areas of advertising, there are some grey areas of advertising as well. However, it would be more appropriate to say that there is zero point good or bad about advertising but it is all about the way it is being done. This tool can be used in a positive as well as in a bad way and the way in which it is used is what determines its pros and cons. Advertising injuryful goods or making false assertions to exploit the human tendencies is not a good thing to do because this harms the society. (Jensen & Waldman 2005).Economic Harms of Advertising When the advertisers support important facts and misrepresent in the advertisements that are aired or are published in the print media, they tend to betray the people. Mostly, the advertisers not just use advertising only to inform the consumers about the product but also to persuade and to proceed them to purchase the product. Moreover, the brand related advertisement that is done can be creating serious problems as the advertisers might set off the people to buy the product on the basis of the brand or status.It can act as an abuse for the humans and can harm the dignity of the people especially when it influences the attitudes and the values of the people with communication theory media. This affects the developing countries the most where most of the people are poor and these people are unable to buy everything but since advertising creates artificial wants, people are persuaded to buy the products. This makes the poor waste their resources instead of focusing only on the inescapably they really want to fulfill and the ones that are good because of which development falls behind.Governments that try to develop market economies find it difficult to function well. Harms of Political Advertising Although political advertising supports the governments in democracy but it also serves as an obstruction since the costs involved with advertising limit the political competition. Besides this, the politicians might also tend to wrestle the image of the otherwise candidates by harming their reputation. Cultural Harms of Advertising The end proceeds of advertising can be a corrupting influence on the cultural values of the people and it can harm the economic experimental condition of the country.The main concern of the developing nations is that advertising not only dominates the people but it also manipulates them to convince them to make a positive decision. The communicators regain tempted in order to commit larger audiences that the advertisers can approach through them. Besides this, the c ommunicators also tend to ignore the educational and the social needs of the society especially those segments that are poor and old. Moreover, stereotyping becomes unwashed when advertising is being done and this places one group as disadvantaged when compared to their relation with the other groups.For instance, the women are being toughened badly and are exploited in the advertisements. (Carlton & Perloff 2007). Moral and Religious Harms of Advertising Advertising can be morally uplifting but on the analogous side it can be vulgar and degrading as well as it can motivate envy and lust. Advertisers today are also showing immoral ads that they should not show to the people as the children and the under aged are also the ones who tend to view them.Pornography and violence have become common and the media is showing it without any legitimate restriction because of which the cultural norms are at stake. The darker side of the human beings is shown by people committing sins, violat ing rules and committing thefts and when the children and the youth watch all these kinds of things on the media, they tend to copy the people shown on the media that later disrupts the assimilation of the society. All this have created serious social problems and the youth and the children are being affected negatively.With this, it is apparent that advertising is playing a role of a threat to the religion and is causing many issues that fall outside the field of operation of the moral values and ethics. Religious themes and images are also being used by the advertises to sell their products and it is acceptable if they do this in an acceptable manner but when they cross their limits especially when they show things that are offensive or when they exploit the religion, this is when the idea turns out to be a total failure.In some cases, advertising is used by the media to promote the products and services and also to inculcate values in the people but the kind of advertising that is immoral should be strictly forbidden. Conclusion Advertising serves as a means of survival for the businesses that publish and broadcast operations as the tax revenue they earn from advertising is very important for them. Media is the one primary source through which the advertisers advertise and can reach their target market to devolve the message they want to.For this purpose, the advertisers make their content interesting and such that would attract the customers. Therefore, the media has a lot of dependency on the advertisers who place their ads either on the television or in the print media in the newspapers or magazines (Andreosso & Jacobson 2005). later on reviewing the pros and the cons of advertising, we came to know that it can be good and bad at the same time but it is just the usage that makes it beneficial or a threat.I would therefore say that advertising is not a waste of resources if it is being done in a positive manner and by this I mean that there are some aspects that should be taken care of by the advertiser when making advertisements. Truthfulness in Advertising When advertising, the advertiser should ensure that the ad that is being made is based on truth and the ad should not mislead the people in any way. The idea of the ad should be to inform the people about the benefits and the features of the commodity but no misinterpretation should be done. The Dignity of the Human soulThe people who are being shown in the ad should be treated with dignity and the women especially should not be exploited in any way. Advertising and Social Responsibility When the companies make profits, it is their duty to practice merged social responsibility and to ensure that they are being ethical in every way. The companies should not only help in the up make of the society but they should also give messages to the public that would help in the betterment of the society. For instance, the pharmaceutical companies should give message for public awa reness pertaining to preventative water or typhoid.

Differences of Private and Public Language Essay

I remember to start with that day in Sacramento when I first entered a schoolroom, equal to clear some fifty avow inc bourne words (Rodriguez 535). Richard Rodriguez, who is the author of the essay hugger-mugger intercommunicate style, Public Language, introduces how he was raised and lived as well as how he tangle growing up in the States as an immigrant family. After reading the Rodriguezs essay, there are several points as well as the experiences that I was open to relate, perhaps because I share a similar understate as the writer himself.Language as he says is separated by Just opening or closing the screen door (Rodriguez 537), the differences were saucer-eyed as being groundwork plowing his own diction and staying in spite of appearance the world of the gringos, or white slope speaking person. He as well explains the differences on how Rodriguez expressed Spanish as a hidden language and English as a public language, and what those twain languages meant to him emotionally as well as mentally.Rodriguez expresses his emotional toneing as he entered the classroom and heard the nun call out his name in English for the first time. Quickly I turned to see my mothers face dissolve in a watery blur butt the pebbled glass door (Rodriguez 535). Being in a different surroundings and without anyone to rely on he was sentiment conf utilise and scared, and even eyesight his mother with in a watery eyes did not own him any more comfort to begin with.Rodriguez was also very painful to the sounds. I heard her sound out Rich-heard Road-ree-guess (Rodriguez 535). He was not used to the soft rundlen sounds of the words especially with his name. Hearing his name mouthn out in English made him even more feel like an outsider that did not belong with the crowd.Another characteristic screw be not having sense of belonging to the society.We lived among gringos and only a pulley block from the biggest, whitest houses (Rodriguez 535). Although his fam ily had a pride for being hard working family and being able to cope with in America, his family never matte welcome by the neighbors as well. His personality also changes when he is in public with stranger, which is a non-family member. go down the sidewalk, under the canopy of talk trees, Id warily notice the suddenly silent neighborhood kids who stood warily watching me (Rodriguez 537).Rodriguez was not the only one who did not have the confidence and felt cosy in English. In public, my father and mother spoke hesitant, accented, not endlessly grammatical English (Rodriguez 536). They were not ashamed of where they came from but because they were well advised of the fact that they did not sound like gringos. Their voice and the tones were lower compared to when they spoke in Spanish. I was unable to hear my own sounds, but I know very well that I spoke English badly (Rodriguez 536).He was never too embarrassed about how his parents did not speak English fluently because the y went about with their life very well and coped with their issues on their own. However, he could not hide the fact that he got nervous when he was at presence with his father. Hearing them, Id grow nervous, my clutching impudence in their protection and power weakened (Rodriguez, 537). The very first lot that I got, I evaded his grasp and ran on ahead into the dark, skipping with feigned callow exuberance (Rodriguez 537).On the other hand, the situation completely changes when his family is at theater and being able to express their feelings and thought in their own language. Spanish seemed to me the language of home. It became the language of joyful return (Rodriguez 537). He also felt loved and made him feel like he was valued. My parents would say something to me and I would feel embraced by the sounds of their words (Rodriguez 537). Regardless of location and the times, whenever he encounters and hears the private language, the Spanish, he expresses how he feels close to h ome and finds himself at ease. Spanish speakers, quite seemed related to me, for I sensed that we shared through our language-the experience of feeling apartfrom los gringos (Rodriguez 537).Overall, after reading Rodriguez essay, I was able to relate and understand every aspect of the points. I grew up in the States constrained to give away English just like Rodriguez had to in his childhood. I was able to fall in with the fear he had, the feeling of being an outsider, and not being able to find comfort with the surrounding. Rodriguez referred Spanish as a private language due to the fact that Spanish was spoken only at home and only his kind of people, which are gringos can understand. On the other hand, English was referred as public language not only because he was forced to speak in order to go about his daily occasion and able to blend in with others but also every non gringos spoke English. However, as he reached his adulthood he found comfort with his background, his anc estors and learn to appreciate the multicultural experiences. Rodriguez states in his essay, drawing a complete line between private and public language is not a robust thought to have, but being proud of having the opportunity to understand two different cultures is a great gain after all.Works CitedRichard, Rodregez. Private Language, Public Language. Strategies for Successful Writing A Rhetoric, Research guide, Reader, and Handbook, Ninth Edition. Ed. Reinking, crowd together A., R.v.d. Osten, and First Osten. Boston Prentice Hall, 2011. eBook.

Athenian democracy Essay

Due to experiencing the volatile state of the Athenian government, it is not surprising that Socrates had much to say on the topic of policy-making philosophy. underlying to his political scheme was his position on how citizens ought to approach ethics and politics. In the Apology, Socrates place demonstrates his belief that citizens moldiness not be complacent when it comes to political virtue. In order to push citizens come to the fore of complacency, Socrates used a mode called the elecnhus to prod citizens to discover the true definition of virtues (Jowett, 2009).In doing this, Socrates hoped to promote a rigorous understanding of tralatitiousisticistic moral virtues an understanding of what courage, goodice, and wisdom, truly meant (Jowett, 2009). At frontmost glance, it seems that Socrates is promoting the penchant of the tralatitious virtues, and is therefore a hidebound. On the contrary, I ordain argue that Socrates conservative rationale serves totally as a diversion from his fundamental intentions. In defending this statement, I will basic outline Socrates conduct and indigences in the Apology.Second, I will present the line of credit for how this behaviour can be interpreted as beingness conservative apply narratives from Crito and The Republic. Lastly, I will argue why this behaviour preferably demonstrates that Socrates was a radical. In the Apology, Plato provides a narrative of Socrates defence for using the elenchus, an unadulterated disbeliefing method, to stir the position of Athenian citizens on handed-down determine (Jowett, 2009). Derived from various arguments in The Apology, Crito, and The Republic, it can be found that Socrates had dickens motives for his conduct.The human being-class motive stems from his notion of emolument in the sacred kingdom, which is derived from his theory of virtue. He held that the best intent for hu human beingss is a life story of virtue, and a life of virtue entailed str iving to comprehend the true essence of determine (Jowett, 2009). The figure of valuing true knowledge was seen to be intrinsically good for citizens, for it adhered to the success of the human instinct (Jowett, 2009). Further, Socrates held that evil in this context was the ignorance of the intrinsic worth of the traditional value, and complacency when it comes to abiding by such determine (Jowett, 2009). at that placefore, Socrates starting time motive for using the elenchus method to stir his fellow citizens, was so that they could abandon their ignorance and beget to obey the true temper of human life, that is a life and reason of virtue (Jowett, 2009). By doing this, citizens would adhere to the true meaning behind traditional determine. The second motive stems from his notion of benefit in the worldly body politic, derived from his theory on laws. When it came to moreoverice, there were multiple versions of what playing justness entailed. For instance, according to Cephalus, it was to abide by your obligation to the city (Plato, 1974, 674).For Polemarchus it was reward and punishment to those who rightfully deserved it (Plato, 1974, 676). However, the Orthodox versions of justness was that it involved simply adhering to the laws (Plato, 1974, 687). era this does contri neverthelesse to a just social arrangement, in that everyone performs the role appropriate to them, it does not address the matters of ethics and law. On that matter, Socrates observed that simply obeying these laws did not automatically entail that the disposition was acting just, this is because laws ar vulner fitting to being unjust (Plato, 1974, 701).This introduced a belief that there exists an essence of justice, such that there is an essential nature of justice and injustice and what a perfectly just and perfectly unjust man would be like (Plato, 1964, 472b). Without knowledge of the essence of justice, individuals would only be acting just by coincidence, for they would not be able to determine whether their actions were just or not (Plato, 1964, 458a). Contri neverthelessing to this argument, Socrates saw that laws, and everything else in the physical world, were elastic (Plato, 1974, 98, 505c).This meant that the laws were defined by whomever was in power at the time in democracy it was the majority, and in tyranny it was the tyrant. Therefore, Socrates held that it was necessary for citizens themselves to comprehend the essence of justice so that they could avoid being slaves to those who managed to hold legal influence at the time (Plato, 1974, 98, 505c). Such that those who held legal influence whitethorn be cunning towards the good or essence of justice (Plato, 1974, 98, 505c).Therefore, Socrates second motivation for using the elenchus was in order to promote the valuing of justice, and other traditional values, in hopes that Athenian citizens could identify for themselves the things which adhere to the essence of these values. Accordingly, with these dickens motives in mind, Socrates engaged with the citizens of Athens, invoking them to gesture the traditional Greek values. His mission was to give birth in them a desire to understand the true essence of values, and then to be able to recognize it in the physical world.In response to such conduct, Socrates was accuse of corrupting the youth, and interviewing Greek life, giving rise to the context in The Apology. From the perspective of the Athenian jury, based on his charges, it appeared that Socrates conduct was radical. For the second type of this essay, by using his two motives as a reference, I will now explore the various arguments for why Socrates was not a radical, but instead a conservative. For the purpose of this essay, I will hold that the definition of conservative means the rescue of traditional values. found on his first motive, in order to encourage citizens to abandon their ignorance and begin to virtuously calculate the traditional G reek value, Socrates openly admitted that he had to push citizens to challenge and question these values (Jowett, 2009). It was seen as radical because such questioning of traditional values was seen as insulting and violating these same values (Jowett, 2009). While this may be seen as radicalism, it is clear that this is not the result when Socrates concept of the spiritual realm and the forms are introduced.Stemming from his theory of values, Socrates believed that all traditional Greek values existed in a pure and absolute form that could only become cognise through reason (Jowett, 2009). Therefore, the purpose of questioning the traditional values was only in order to stimulate the realization of the true essence of these values. Socrates believed that by doing so, it was the ultimate act of respect to traditional moral values, and the first motive can thus be interpreted as conservative.However, the questioning of traditional values ultimately entailed the questioning of Athe nian laws. While this also may be seen as radicalism, it is clear that this is not the case when Socrates distinguishes the variance among the worldly realm and the spiritual realm. Socrates believed that all traditional Greek values were embodied in a universal law within the spiritual realm, that is above the malleable Athenian law which existed in the physical realm. While Socrates respected and abided by the Athenian law, he was also critical of the nature of such laws.Socrates explains that, because these Athenian laws were malleable to the distribution of political power, these laws were vulnerable to dispute from the traditional values (Plato, 1974, 98, 505c). By promoting the questioning of Athenian laws, Socrates believed that he was preserving the traditional values in the legal system. This traces back to his previous argument, that justice is not simply obeying the law (Plato, 1974, 701). This serves to show that Socrates conduct which encouraged the questioning of At henian law was not radical, but consistent with conservatism.Another piece of take the stand was Socrates response to escaping prison, as seen in Critos. Here Socrates is offered help from his friend Critos, to break off his death execration from the Athenian court, but declines out of his respect for the Athenian law (Gallop, 1997, 36, 45a). This is depicted when Socrates states, I cannot now reject the very principles that I previously adopted, and I respect and honour the same ones I did ahead (Gallop, 1997, 36, 46c).Further, Socrates also embraced the obey or persuade principle, where if a person disagrees with the law, they must systemically change it, or accept and obey it (Gallop, 1997, 40, 52a). Therefore, Socrates acceptance of his death sentence from the Athenian court is an ultimate submission to preserving the integrity of the justice system. Accordingly, bit Socrates was deemed a radical by the Athenian courts for promoting the questioning of traditional values an d Athenian law, it could be argued that he was actually a conservative who was promoting the appreciation of these values and reinforcing them in Athenian laws.This is defended by the forfeiting of his life in the consult of adhering to the justice system. On the contrary, I will now argue for a different interpretation of these pieces of evidence to show that Socrates was indeed a radical who disguised his intentions under a conservative facade. Radicalism will be case-hardened as the converse of conservativism, which will be defined as promoting political reform and deviation from traditional values. The starting point of this argument is that, succession Socrates condemns disobeying the law for it is analogous to disobeying your parents, he does not say it is wrong sweat to change it (Gallop, 1997, 40, 52a).In alignment with radicalism, Socrates sought to be a throttle of change change in Athens. Although Socrates claimed to be promoting the appreciation of traditional value s, what he actually was doing was promoting a change in the way Athenians appreciated these values. Traditionally, these values were undertaken in order to avoid problems in the physical world (Jowett, 2009). For instance, justice was valued for its ability to maintain order and a functioning society. Socrates promulgate a different reason to pursue traditional values, that is to provide benefit in a spiritual manner (Jowett, 2009).This is reflected in his theory of the individual, where he promoted the discipline of appetite and spirit by reason (Cornford, 1974, 23, 428d). For Socrates, the purpose of disciplining the soul was was to pursue spiritual virtue. This is a deviation in the way traditional values were appreciated in Athens. Rather than easement of courage being pursued to prevent death from arrogance or shame from cowardice, Socrates held that moderation of courage should be pursued in order to promote a virtuous soul.Therefore, it can be argued that Socrates is advoc ating a departure from the physical world to the spiritual world, in the attitude by which Athenians ought to engage traditional values. The depression of a departure from the way in which traditional values are engaged, is depicted in his conversation with Crito. While Socrates states that he is forfeiting his life out of respect for the Athenian law, now that we understand his position on the difference in importance between spiritual and worldly values, the message he is sending can be interpreted differently.There are two points that give rise to this new interpretation. The first is that in Socrates comparison of harming the soul with harming the body, he states that only the individual himself can harm his own soul (Gallop, 1997, 37, 48a). This meant that only by submitting to unvirtuous behaviour, will an individual tarnish his own soul (Gallop, 1997, 37, 47a). As a result, if Socrates were to escape prison, he would be harming his soul in order to avert physical harm. The second point is that Socrates values the preservation of the soul over the preservation of the body (Gallop, 1997, 37, 47a).This is seen when Socrates questions are our lives worth sustenance with a poor or corrupted body? (Gallop, 1997, 37, 47e). Taking these two points into consideration, it is possible to interpret Socrates forfeiting of his life as a mockery of the Athenian legal punishment in order to adhere to his own virtues. The message he is sending is that individuals ought to pursue their interpretation of the traditional values, and in the case where they are punished for it, it will not matter because harming the body is peanut compared to harming the soul.This is again seen in when he states that we should not fear the opinion of the majority, but should only concern ourselves with the opinion of the expert (Gallop, 1997, 37, 47a). Accordingly, while Socrates was sometimes visualised as being conservative for promoting the appreciation of traditional values and for forfeiting his life in the name of the justice system, when his theory of the spiritual and physical realm are introduced, two points show that he is not a conservative. The first point is that he is promoting a deviation in the way traditional values are engaged.The second point is that he encourages other citizens to alter regardless of the physical harm that may be done to them. Based on these two points, I hold that Socrates use of the elenchus to stir Athenians out of complacency is radical. In conclusion, Socrates use of the elenchus was openly accepted to be make by a desire to stir Athenian citizens out of complacency. The question that was the focus of this essay was whether his intentions behind this stirring was conservative, to reinforce and maintain the traditional Greek values, or radical, to stimulate a new approach to values.There was evidence which defended that Socrates was a conservative, however, it was shown that this conservative motive was only a front. Evid ently, his conduct and theories suggest that Socrates was more on the side of a radical. Cornford, M. (1974). The republic. untested York Oxford University Press. Gallop, D. (1997). Crito. New York Oxford University Press. Gallop, D. (1997). The Republic. New York Oxford University Press. Jowett, B. (2009). Apology. Retrieved from http//classics. mit. edu/Plato/apology. html.

Market Entry Essay

grade chain outline line of merchandise imitate restructuration Domestic commercialize 1. compend 2. Factors of success 4. planetary expension outline 1. circumspection system 2. Analysis 3. Factors of success 5. 6. set creation wall Top quality products commensurate and productive management style Group capacity to restructure and timulate separate companies Value chain analysis & sizeable partnership Value range synopsis origin model restructuration Domestic Market external expension scheme Value man palisade Value chemical chain portray headache model restructuration International expension dodgeDomestic Market 1984 1988 Zhang become carriage of Quingdao General Refrigiretor Factory Gold medal for product quality in national competition Value mental hospital 1989 1991 Chinese market type oversupply Diversification through aquisitions (eg, telecommunication, equipment) Debate Raise the price and move around to high quality strategy 1998 Operational restru cturing Value Chain Outline job model restructuration Domestic Market Diversification and internal reorganisation ? 7 product divisions ? G local strategy ? 4 Group-wide Development Divisions International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Value Chain Outline Business model restructuration Domestic Market International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Market piece of ground in 2004 Refrigerator Washing cable car Air conditioner 28% 18% 30% other ? ? ? By 2002, they accounted for 61% of industry profits. From 1989 to 1996, the number of refrigerators producers 100 to 20 3 Chinese manufacturers = 60% of the market ? Kelon is the main competitorValue Chain Outline ? Business model restructuration Domestic Market After the Chinese entry in WTO ? new entrants (Electrolux, Siemens) ? Refrigerator unit sales 31% in 2002 vs 26% in 2001 ? Automatic washing machine 38% in 2002 vs 31% in 2001. ? Before 2000 ? Core profit ? state-owned department stores ? In 2004 ? individu al specialized shops/ private retail International expension strategy Value Creation Debate % Haiers sales Domestic Chain International chain Licensed dealers Independent retail shops Government purchases.Management method Market responsiveness focus on meeting customer demand Good after-sale service offerings that Chinese customers was not accustomed (free replacement, warranty) dispersal network one single company (Haier logistics) serving the entire group, good network Be cautious These points fucking be learnt, copied and imitated by multinationals International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Value Chain Outline ? ? Business model restructuration Domestic Market International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Key factor for international strategy management on market pressure choose difficult market (eg. US, Europe) If we can succeed there we can succeed in easier market ? interpret for hard challenges ? Focus on Human Resources assets ? Implement a local thinking ? Hire Local employees Value Chain Outline Business model restructuration Domestic Market International expension strategy Value Creation ? Since 1997 Willpower of a global expansion strategy (3third) ? Joint ventures ? shaper of Liebherr (Germany) 8 top ranking ? 1999 Willpower of Haier to make a blur reputation overseas. Difference with the domestic rival Kelon ? Take example of the victorious Japanese and Korean model. % of sales in the US an EU trade from China (% of total revenue) 1998 3% 2004 17% 1998 3% 2004 8,3% Overseas make and Sold (% of total revenue) 2002 4,6% 2004 8,3% 70% of Haier overseas revenues come from developed markets Debate Value Chain Outline Business model restructuration Domestic Market.International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Focus on difficult (flat market) and highly competitive markets Penetrate the market with niche products Hire local plenty Make JV on five continents ? Benefit from existing networks. break close at tention to market specifications Make response speed punish customer needs Value Chain Outline Business model restructuration Domestic Market International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Growth leverage Restructuration Differentiation Know How After Sales Management Vision Market responsiveness Distribution Glocal Strategy Value Chain Outline ? ? Business model restructuration Domestic Market International expension strategy How would Haier evolve in order to gain more market share internationally and in their home market?

Consumer Behavior on Black Friday

Running Head ignominious Friday Consumer Behavior on depressed Friday Abstract The purpose of this cipher for is to examine consumer bearing on sinister Friday. Black Friday is typic in exclusivelyy the busiest shop day of the class, and it is all impelled by the chance for consumers to save the around amount of m bingley affirmable fleck getting their holiday obtain done. Research was done on telephone beginning, and withal through personal experiences. By understanding what retailers and consumers hope to accomplish on this day can surrender a positive impact on e actuallyone.Consumers be able to get what they lack with the least amount of turmoil, and retailers atomic number 18 able to turn a profit. This research can be most helpful to merchants, as it will help them to understand what a consumer wants, and what they put up the summary holiday to be interchangeable. A complication with this research is that distributively consumer is different and may h ave different expectations in mind. Concentrating on do Black Friday as organized as possible will marrowly benefit all parties involved. IntroductionBlack Friday refers to the day after Thanksgiving, which is the unofficial start of the holiday shopping season. Black Friday is a day when stores dramatically discount products with the intention of luring in the highest number of shoppers possible. The term Black Friday acquire its name because that is a day when, hopefully, businesses balance sheets go from red, a loss, to black, a profit (Staff, 2010). It can be a day of gosy-turvydom, as seen in 2008 when a Walmart employee was trampled to death by a mob of customers (Gould, Tra suck upo, & Schapiro, 2008).But galore(postnominal) that day focus on saving money, and argon willing to contain in lines for days for a deal. Impulsive Consumption Some of the purchases bring ab come forward on Black Friday may be impulsive. The text editionbook states that impulsive using up i s usually spontaneous and involves nigh feelings of liberation is associated with a lessened star of costs or consequences and is motivated by a need for prompt self-fulfillment (Babin & Harris, 2011). Consumers who go to a store for only a peer of accompaniments may visualize themselves enticed by other items that ar on change.The median(a) person spent $365. 34 during Black Friday weekend 2010, for a total of approximately $45 billion total spent nationally (Chang, 2010). chance(prenominal) purchases may be made because although a consumer went to a store for one sale, they may not have known all the other items that atomic number 18 discounted that day, and may make other purchases. Because more Black Friday shoppers ar truly holiday shopping for other race, it is easy to look for a largess for one person, but find those perfect gifts for the other four sight on your list, all in the name of getting a superb deal.Social Environment Social environment is defined in the text as the other customers and employees in a service or shopping environment (Babin & Harris, 2011). Normally, people may be put off by crowding at stores. However, it is the norm on Black Friday. Although it is still unfavorable, it is something that people ar willing to adapt to for the day. It may give a virtuoso of urgency, which will put a consumer into the mindset of action. The text also refers to shopping buddies. Many people who wait in line for hours or dismantle days on Black Friday do not do so alone. at that place atomic number 18 usually small groups of people, which may help to make consumers feel to a greater extent pouffeable. Consumers are taking much time to find buddies to shop with, and they are making an effort to have a political plat digit in mind for what stores they will visit, and what they will purchase. For people who wait in lines for extended periods, they usually create some type of habitat to pass the time. Consumers bring tents, cha irs and heaters to make themselves more comfortable. Some even so bring electric items such as lighting, computers or small televisions to keep them company speckle waiting for the savings to begin.The people in line usually blueprint temporary relationships with the people that are around them. Sharing stories or deals that they are interested in is a far cry from the ample chaos shown on television news stories. Attitudes people may get caught up in the excitement of the day, and that can help them to spend even more money. While waiting in line, customers at the front of the line expect to be excited and happy. However, at the end of the line, customers appear to be more frustrated and anxious. Some consumers plan their Black Friday shopping trips weeks in advance.There are many websites available for people to view Black Friday advertisements online, breeder they are supposed to be released to the public. Walmart has tried year after year for the advertisements not to b e leaked, but they usually end up on these websites before they are supposed to (4 Years Strong Walmart Sends Another chuck up the sponge & Desist, 2011). Stores may not want to have their advertisements released early for a pair off of reasons. First, consumers having the ability to research products and having too much time to explore all of their options may mean that consumers will not make as many spontaneous purchases on Black Friday.They also do not want to have their competition see their deals, and whence have them beat their prices. Having the advertisements earlier though means consumers are able to plan what stores they want to go to, which may lead to less chaos on the actual day. People are motivated by saving money on Black Friday. Some consumers may even see it as a competition. For some, because at that place is only a limited selection available for many of the items that are drastically reduced, just acquiring that item may be all the motivation someone needs to be at the front of the line on Black Friday.A consumer may feel a star of empowerment, or the thrill of winning, which will only intensify their moods for the day. A consumer may be more liable(predicate) to make a purchase of something out of the ordinary because of the price on Black Friday. The perceived risk is disappoint because the consumer balances the risk with the monetary discount that is offered, and can write it off easier. Normally, consumers may think thoroughly about an electronics purchase. However, electronics are usually a major(ip) seller on Black Friday.Because the discount is thought to be so significant, and the consumer thinks there are only a limited number available, they do not have time to think the purchase through like the normally would, and they make the purchase. What people are buying Each year, electronics are the one of the most widely sought after products on Black Friday. In 2009, the introduction of Zhu-Zhu Pets was the top search on Googl e referring to Black Friday gross revenue (Wong, 2009). Surprisingly, rugs and jewelry were also top searches in 2009. In 2010, the iPad and other tablets were the top searches in electronics (Andrew, 2010). They were ollowed by laptops and HDTVs. Handheld gadgets are expected to be a top seller for 2011. E-readers, tablets, music players and smart phones all take care to be popular searches for the upcoming holiday (Black Friday 2011 Predictions, 2011). Televisions and accessories are normally super discounted on Black Friday, and 2011 should be no different. There may be more sales on 3D televisions, blu-ray players, and bundles of the televisions with the accessories. Cyber Monday Some consumers do not want to brave the chaos of Black Friday, and have moved to online shopping, while still looking for the dramatic discounts.Online purchases have grown steadily over the past few years, and in 2005, the term Cyber Monday was created (Cyber Monday Quickly Becoming whizz of the Bi ggest Online Shopping Days of the Year, 2005). In 2010, Black Friday sales grew 9% from the year before, but Cyber Monday sales grew 16% (U. S. Online Holiday Shopping Season Reaches accede $32. 6 Billion for November-December Period, Up 12 Percent vs. Year Ago, 01). Cyber Monday 2010 was the root billion-dollar spending day in history, and the first time that sales on Monday were higher than Friday.Many people have a four-day weekend for Thanksgiving, and are back to work on Monday. A large number of consumers are able to place orders right from a work computer, or even their smart phones. Smart phones are also making it easier for consumers to do research on sales, and to do the shopping itself. Online Black Friday sales increased 11% from 2008-2009 (Wong, 2009). Retailer Organization around consumers on Black Friday have the aforementioned(prenominal) goal to save money. If the stores are able to have some form of organization on Black Friday, it should help to keep the custo mers organized also. topsy-turvyness is more likely to happen when the store is not brisk for the massive number of shoppers. If the store makes adjustments to the steering they normally operate, they are more likely to have an easier time handling the crowds. Passing out tickets to the customers in line for big ticket items is becoming the norm for many stores (Palmer, 2010). By doing so, customers are able to be sure they are going to receive the item they came to purchase, and it is easier to explain when they are sold out of a particular item.Also, some stores are able to rearrange their stores and put the items that are on sale in a particular area, so customers will not have to search all around the store, adding to the chaos. Many stores are choosing to open very early, with some retailers, such as Toys R Us even rise on Thanksgiving night at 10 P. M (ToysRUs Stores Nationwide to Open at 10pm on Thanksgiving iniquity to Welcome Black Friday Shoppers Earlier Than constant ly Before with 200 Doorbusters and to a greater extent Than $11,000 in Savings on zealous Toys, 2010).As this was only introduced in 2010, it remains unknown whether other stores will follow the idea. Having enough employees at check-out and for assisting customers is also essential. Retailers may want to also hire some form of security for the day, to prevent mobs of people causing chaos. No matter how prepared a shopper may be on Black Friday, if the store is unstructured or does not have a sensible system in place, chaos may ensue because of the consumers confusion or frustrations. Customers also look for even make headway discounts on Black Friday by using coupons.Retailers may want to include in their advertisements and stores about their coupon acceptance indemnity on Black Friday. If a customer waits in line for hours, then goes in the store to get an item, then waits in line for some other hour to check-out, only to find that their coupon will not be accepted, that cons umer may get very irritated and that will cause further problems. Conclusion Black Friday is a day that retailers hope to make the most amount of profit. But for consumers, they hope to save as much money as possible. Many consumers make impulsive shopping decisions on Black Friday.The social environment may lead to this behavior, as many shoppers are with friends or family, and make a display out of their shopping practices on that day. The attitudes of people can vary greatly on that day also. Most people are excited, but that can turn to frustration if it does not go as planned. Purchasing trends can vary each year, depending on what the newest items are. Electronics and the newest toys are usually very popular items. Cyber Monday is also changing the way people shop, and helping them to save even more money from the comfort of their home, from work, or even on their smart phone.A retailer world organized on Black Friday is imperative, as it can affect consumer behavior and how much money they spend. References 4 Years Strong Walmart Sends Another abandon & Desist. (2011, 10 14). Retrieved 10 22, 2011, from http//bfads. net/ Andrew. (2010, 11 15). Holiday Shopping Trends and. Retrieved 10 23, 2011, from http//www. retrevo. com/content/node/1570 Babin, B. J. , & Harris, E. G. (2011). CB2. Mason, OH South-Western Cengage Learning. Black Friday 2011 Predictions. (2011, 10 11). Retrieved 10 23, 2011, from http//www. blackfriday2011. om/news/2011/10/11/black-friday-2011-predictions/ Chang, A. (2010, 11 28). Big Black Friday weekend results 212 million shoppers, $45 billion spent. Retrieved 10 21, 2011, from http//latimesblogs. latimes. com/money_co/2010/11/big-black-friday-weekend-results-212-million-shoppers-and-45-billion-spent. html Cyber Monday Quickly Becoming nonpareil of the Biggest Online Shopping Days of the Year. (2005, 11 21). Retrieved 23 2011, 10, from http//www. shop. org/c/journal_articles/view_article_content? groupId=1&articleId=623& strain=1 . 0 Gould, J. , Trapasso, C. & Schapiro, R. (2008, 11 28). Worker dies at Long Island Wal-Mart after being trampled in Black Friday stampede. Retrieved 10 21, 2011, from http//articles. nydailynews. com/2008-11-28/local/17910475_1_wal-mart-worker-long-island-wal-mart-jdimytai-damour Palmer, K. (2010, 11 23). Black Friday admit to the Best Deals and Steals. Retrieved 10 23, 2011, from http//money. usnews. com/money/personal-finance/articles/2010/11/23/black-friday-guide-to-the-best-deals-and-steals Staff, L. L. (2010, 11 24). profession News Daily. Retrieved 10 21, 2011, from http//www. businessnewsdaily. om/how-did-black-friday-and-cyber-monday-get-their-names0754/ ToysRUs Stores Nationwide to Open at 10pm on Thanksgiving Night to Welcome Black Friday Shoppers Earlier Than Ever Before with 200 Doorbusters and More Than $11,000 in Savings on Hot Toys. (2010, 11 16). Retrieved 10 23, 2011, from http//www. prnewswire. com/news-releases/toysrus-stores-nationwide-to-open-at-10pm-on-th anksgiving-night-to-welcome-black-friday-shoppers-earlier-than-ever-before-with-200-doorbusters-and-more-than-11000-in-savings-on-hot-toys-108565064. html U. S. Online Holiday Shopping Season Reaches express $32. 6 Billion for

The Bahai Faith

theologys beliefs shape nations characters and influence their interpersonal relationships. The Bahai trustfulness is mavin of todays many organized religions that is attracting tribe from all in all nations. To visit it has attracted over 5 million followers . The name Bahai is derived from the Arabic word Baha which means glory. The Bahai Faith has its roots tr fetch up bear in the 19th century in Persia when Baha u llah who is considered the grounder of the faith, wrote books that ground the putations of the faith. Bahai thence emphasizes on spirituality for all tender-hearted existences.The religion is mainly a draws its principles from the major religions in the populace like Christianity, Islam, Jewish, Buddhism and Hindu. basal Beliefs of the faith In this religion, there atomic soma 18 no clergy people as because they believe that matinee idol is in control of every affaire and no individual bed founder power over another(prenominal) people. Therefor e, the duty to develop piece resources, attract more people to the faith and to coordinate activities of the religion by ensuring that everything is in order among other spiritually building activities falls on the spiritual assembly. These argon individuals who cod been elected by the followers to perform others and offer guidance on the Bahai principles. Thus, these institutions be run accord to the Bahai texts. Spiritual assemblies thereof exist at the local as tumesce as national levels. Every adult is considered as a spiritual leader as they foundation instill positive set to other members of the community by interacting with them. Oneness of all religions The foundation of all religions in the world are based on the homogeneous positive principles such as get it on, serving each(prenominal) other, believe in sensation God among other things.This shows that they are wiz when looked from a assorted pointedness of view and it is this idea and principle the Baha i is all about. Human persuasion and authoritative superstitions have clouded they way they relate with others and this has contributed to the divisions in gild and the decay of civilization. Therefore the ideal spirituality is founded in harmonizing the various beliefs which are founded in both religion and science in one coordinated religion. The Bahai faith has therefore incorporated the Western as well as the Eastern traditions in its teachings and fair plays. The Bahai followers do not have a standard way of enrolling people to the move workforcet. This is because they are make up of people from various denominations and sects who castk to fid fulfillment in a religion that earns them the peace and love that they tin cannot get from other places. Science and Religion Science and certain(prenominal) religions have always contradicted themselves in a number of issues. This is more or lessly seen where it is believed that God created homosexual beings while science on the other hand states that human beings evolved.The Bahai faith says that certain science as well as religion is not supposed to contradict each other and that the two depend on each other. If people sign up on one aspect and disregard the others, they will lack certain important elements which can contribute to negative behavior. This is because each enhances in explaining why, when and how certain things occur. The Bahai scholars say that if there are any cases of conflict, then it is because of human miscalculations as everything on earth is supposed to be in unison.By spirit how things happen, people become more knowledge able-bodied and this goes to show the importance of the concord between science and religion. Adherents to the Bahai teachings believe in making the world a better place to live in hence the Bahai Religious movement tries to link people of all backgrounds which include the different religions plus races so as to enhance international understanding. They bel ieve in one God who is the creator of everything that is on earth and who communicates with his people through and through messengers.They refer to him as being all powerful and for this reason, no one on this earth who can be likened to him or take his place. God therefore serves as an example of good deeds that other human beings can emulate. The followers therefore have to unbrokenly learn to love and serve him by soliciting and meditating. Prayer is important and it is very important and that is why the believers especially those aged 15- 70 years have to offer imposed prayers.These prayers are conducted individually as group prayers are not allowed unless those ones put down from writings. Fasting is encouraged mainly follows the Islamic way and takes place in the month of March for a period of two weeks. During this time, people pray for their welfare as well as those of others. Human beings are the profound and most unique creations of God. They are therefore supposed to live as live holy and pleasing lives in the eyes of the most exalted as this connected them. Bahai followers therefore believe that if a person dies, they can either go to heaven or snake pit depending on how they lived their lives where they can either be closer or throw out to God spiritually. Equality of all persons is one thing that the Bahai tenets emphasize on. By being equal, it means that both men and women are do by equally and children of all backgrounds have access to fitting instruction. To achieve this, they take heed to eradicate all forms of injustice in society by embracement cultural diversity and treating all persons equally as more can be learnt from other people who have different belief systems. masses are in addition not supposed to discriminate others on the stern of their status of wealth or nationalism as this divisions are the ones that give rise to hate which gives rise to tensions and as they build it leads to people good-natured in inhuman ac ts that are very wrong according to the law and not pleasing to God. The Bahai faith draws examples that are apply by central figures in other religions. Though they borrow most thing s from other religions, they have their own laws as well as scriptures that make the religion unique.Religious history is expressed in a serial of manifestations where lessons are drawn from various experiences that people face. This apparitional movement is continual and is believed to be never ending. Teachings The Kitab-i-Aqdas (The Most Holy Book) is the spiritual book which was scripted by Baha u llah lays the foundation and laws that the followers of the religion are guided by. It also deals with prophesies, how institutions and people should relate with each other and how it can be used to aid in passing of sentences in the judicial law systems. The laws have also set rules for acceptable standards in the society. Since there are a lot of evils in society related to using drugs and alcohol, the Bahai spectral movement prohibit the use of illegal substances mainly drugs and drinking alcohol. If a person is found to have engaged in arson, according to Bahai teachings, when they are accorded the death penalty, they will be burnt. Offenses such as carrying out are punishable by law and a person found to have committed is either sentenced to death or life imprisonment.From this we can see that they involve the judicial systems in place in deliverance justice to society. Religion and deeds Like all religions, offering back to the community is a good gesture as it enables the community to entrepot its projects, operate efficiently and also help the disadvantaged in the society. Bahais are expected to give back to the community no matter how much they have as that is between them and their God on top of this, they are also supposed to make a function of 19% of their income according to the law to serve the same purpose.Financial contributions made by non-Bahai believers h owever are never accepted. Before the religion came to being, little was verbalize about peace. Leaders in todays society are however recognizing that without religious understandings, it is difficult to change peoples perceptions and this is what is gift rise to the evils in todays society. Women Most women have found solace in this religion as it passes the various ideals that they would like to see in the world. This is because both the men and the women are treated equally.Bahais believe that by eradicating past beliefs which are discriminatory and ignorant, they are able to enhance the hop on of various individuals. This is rooted from the fact that both genders receive equal education therefore they can choose the careers that are suitable to them. In return, they are acceptable in the job market for ant position because they are qualified. This has enabled women to take up professions in careers that were considered to be predominantly the strong holds of men for example b eing political leaders, being part of the top managers in various organizations and even becoming police chiefs.Family and marriage Family and marriage are considered to be sacred in the Bahai faith. The acceptable age of get married is 15 years if the participants are willing because no one is supposed to be married off by force. Marriage is only supposed to happen between a man and a woman. Therefore, same sex marriages or relationships are therefore forbidden. Marriage is not cut back to certain religions or races as people are free to tie whoever they love and would like to spend the rest of their lives with.When people get married, the maintain to be is supposed to pay dowry which will be qualified on his and also his familys financial status. The Kitab-i-Aqdas, allows a man to get hitched with two wives as long as no one is prospered over the other. This has however been interpreted to mean that monogamy was the principle that was being emphasized on. Adultery and forn ication is not allowed. People who have been find to have engaged in this act will be call for to pay a fine at their local spiritual assembly. split up is discouraged in the Bahai faith but when two people cannot get along or an unjust act has been committed, they are allowed to come apart but this will be made legal after a year when the couple has not been able to reconcile. Parents are supposed to gentility their children in proper manner as well as batten down that their children are well educated. In case the family is restrained by finance, the fille over the son in the family will be allowed to go to school. This is because the missy in future will be the first one to pick up that her children are educated.Women are the first mothers and are teachers of their children from the time they are born, it is therefore necessary that they are educated than the men. For the next of kin to be able to inherit anything a will has to be written. Exceptions however, can be allo wed when a person dies without having written one. The deceased property is then distributed equally among the heirs and where they cannot be identified, it will be taken to the local spiritual assembly. Enhancing Global PeaceThe world is changing and things such as transportation, communication, industrialization and the independence of people as well as countries have radically changed peoples lives. Moreover, they have made countries dependant on each other for various staple fiber goods, essential commodities such as oil, expertise through skilled force-out and incorporation of information and technology to enable countries industrialize. As different people interact, there are bound to be conflicts whish require a proper mechanism for solving disputes.Bahaism therefore, tries to ensure that there are proper avenues for nations to solve their problems so as to reduce the cases of war which has subjected nations to poverty. The Bahai religious movement therefore ensures that g lobal unity is enhanced by show on loving fellow neighbors. In addition the teachings say that real inner peace cannot come unless people decide to treat others as they would like to be treated if they were in similar positions.Moreover, they have develop international reforms and institutions that can enhance their goals and objectives so as to put and end to war, eradicate immoral intentions and create a system of corporation among nations. resultant Bahai faith has defined various laws and policies that seek to address most of the problems that are faced in the world today and have address every issue be it social , economical, environmental among other things. It is therefore a religion that is focused on enhancing global unity and peace which the world is in need of to curb the various problems and issues that are emerging.Bahai faith has therefore revolutionalized religions by enhancing individual and community transformation. Works cited Bahai internationalist Community. The Bahais http//www. bahai. org/faq/facts/bahai_faith Oxtoby W. G. World Religions Western Traditions. Oxford University Press, 1996 chapter six Pg. 479-485 Remey C. Mason. The Bahai revelation and Reconstruction, Read books, 2008 Ridell Deb. From Heart to Heart -Bahai Religion Fosters gift of Family Unity. (Religion) Guard November 11, 2006 http//www. encyclopedia. com/ commercialism/1G1-154722593. html