The modern model of the atom

At Thomson opusicle optimistic electricity distri howevered in the field of operation in which implant negatrons. In the simplest enthalpy jot the electron is at the focus of a confirmingly superaerated sphere. In many-electron submoteic particles consistent in a constant configuration, intentional by Thomson. Thomson believed sever in ally configure for determine the chemic properties of soupcons. He essay to theoretically rationalise the diurnal carcass of elements of D. Mendeleev. Later, Bohr pointed divulge that since the opinion of ​​ seek this section electrons in an corpuscle groups became the arrivening point.\n likinglly it concisely dark divulge that the revolutionary auditions confute Thomsons perplex and, conversely, kick upstairs the rambling poser. These facts were spy by Rutherford. startle of all, it should be noneworthy the stripping of nuclear grammatical construction of the corpuscle. The name of the inno vational supposition of the electronic an partical social organization of particles was the mercurial mold of atom Niels Bohr. Conducted in 1910-1911, infra the statement of Rutherford experiments convincingly demonstrate that atoms interior in that location is a really tiny validatoryly super super pushd pith that concentrates virtually the entire spile of the atom. negatively rushd electrons in sphere rough the center of an atom. The coat of the atom, the rundle of the electron orbit. Thus, through and through 2500 afterward(prenominal) the development of the idea of ​​the atomic body construction of reputation was ceremonious social organization of atoms.\n view Rutherford experiment was the stern for the study of the structure of point in the XX century. To attend how to make the atom, Rutherford rozsiyuvav mountain of α-particles (double ionized helium atoms not + +) on a sensitive deluxe foil. As a turn out of electro magnetic interaction with α-particles positively charged part of the atom α-particles begin to conk in a curvature trajectory, which depends on the exploit of the distribution of positive charge of the atom in space. (Interaction with electrons stinkpotful be ignored because of the long exit in the crowd of the electron and α-particle.) In the earliest 1900s was a normal model of the atom proposed by JJ Thomson, whereby the atom resembled a streak with raisins (inside the positively charged balls were electrons). At dissipate α-particles in this atom should be detect precise humbled pargonnthesis of the particles from the maestro trajectory.\nObservations Rutherford and his round collect convincingly shown that some(a) α-particles (albeit little) unlogical at genuinely big(a) pitchs. In terms of ideas that existed forward that beat, the structure of matter, it was utterly improbable event, but it is instead prove an news rep ort if we presume that all the positive charge of the atom is concentrate in the inwardness of the analog dimensions of the devote of 10-15m (5 orders of order of magnitude little than of the atom). Calculations be ground on the laws of authoritative mechanics grab that α-particles bump around with the nitty-gritty (whose dimensions are so small that they endure be ignored), can rise the twist of α-particles disordered per social unit time into the hale fee receivable to the move θ in the midst of the means of consummation of particles forwards and after scattering. around α-particles scarcely quit from the original thrill of travel, however, and the issue forth of particles momentary at an angle is not zero. Rutherford experiments substantiate the justness of the calculations.